Factor Xa is a serine endopeptidase that forms part of the prothrombinase complex, along with factor Va, in the common pathway in coagulation cascade. The prothrombinase complex increases the conversion rate of prothrombin to thrombin. Subsequently, thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin monomers which then polymerize for thrombus formation. One molecule of  Factor Xa  can generate >1000 thrombin molecules. Factor Xa cleaves after the arginine residue in its preferred cleavage site Ile-(Glu or Asp)-Gly-Arg and it will occasionally cleave at other basic residues. However, it will not cleave at a site followed by proline or arginine.

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